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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">INFEDU</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Informatics in Education</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2335-8971</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1648-5831</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>VU</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">INFEDU.24.26</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15388/infedu.2024.26</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Spark: The First Choice for Novices</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gal-Ezer</surname>
            <given-names>Judith</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:galezer@openu.ac.il">galezer@openu.ac.il</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_INFEDU_aff_000"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_INFEDU_aff_000">The Open University of Israel, Israel</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Szekely</surname>
            <given-names>Smadar</given-names>
          </name>
          <email xlink:href="mailto:smadarsz@gmail.com">smadarsz@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_INFEDU_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_INFEDU_aff_001">Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>23</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>767</fpage>
      <lpage>781</lpage>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder>Vilnius University</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>Open access article under the CC BY license.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Spark, one of the products offered by MyQ (formerly Plethora), is a game-based platform meticulously designed to introduce students to the foundational concepts of computer science. By navigating through logical challenges, users delve into topics like abstraction, loops, and graph patterns. Setting itself apart from its counterparts, Spark boasts an innovative formal language and a rich set of features. Unlike traditional platforms, Spark emphasizes computational problem solving over programming syntax, making it accessible to learners of all levels. With progressively challenging levels and an intuitive graphical interface, students engage in problem solving, content creation, and collaboration within the MyQ community. Using Spark makes it less probable for students to utilize generative AI (GAI) to solve challenges, thereby sparing teachers the struggle of assessing tasks that might have been accomplished using GAI.</p>
        <p>In this paper, we provide an examination of Spark, its functionalities, the challenges it tackles, its merits, limitations, and prospective trajectories.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>computer science education</kwd>
        <kwd>programming</kwd>
        <kwd>first choice language</kwd>
        <kwd>algorithmic thinking</kwd>
        <kwd>computational problem solving</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
