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Findings on Teaching Machine Learning in High School: A Ten - Year Systematic Literature Review
Volume 22, Issue 3 (2023), pp. 421–440
Ramon Mayor Martins   Christiane Gresse Von Wangenheim  

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https://doi.org/10.15388/infedu.2023.18
Pub. online: 11 September 2023      Type: Article     

Published
11 September 2023

Abstract

Machine Learning (ML) is becoming increasingly present in our lives. Thus, it is important to introduce ML already in High School, enabling young people to become conscious users and creators of intelligent solutions. Yet, as typically ML is taught only in higher education, there is still a lack of knowledge on how to properly teach younger students. Therefore, in this systematic literature review, we analyze findings on teaching ML in High School with regard to content, pedagogical strategy, and technology. Results show that High School students were able to understand and apply basic ML concepts, algorithms and tasks. Pedagogical strategies focusing on active problem/project-based hands-on approaches were successful in engaging students and demonstrated positive learning effects. Visual as well as text-based programming environments supported students to build ML models in an effective way. Yet, the review also identified the need for more rigorous evaluations on how to teach ML.

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Open access article under the CC BY license.

Keywords
Machine Learning Content, Pedagogy Technology High School K-12

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INFORMATICS IN EDUCATION

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